Rhode Island RI Common Law Marriage - "Fact Or Fiction"
By: David Slepkow, Rhode Island Lawyer | Posted: 21st April 2007
Fiction- If I live together with my boyfriend for over seven years then we are automatically common law married.
This is a huge urban myth that is completely and totally false! In fact, a couple could live together for 35 years in Rhode Island and still not be common law married!(Please call Rhode Island divorce and family law attorney David Slepkow at 401-437-100 if you have any legal questions.) However, another couple could live together for 7 days and be common law married!
How can this be true??
This article only applies to Rhode Island. Also, a vast majority of states do not recognize common law marriages. Please contact Rhode Island divorce and family law lawyer, David Slepkow, to help evaluate whether you can sucessfully establish a common law marriage in Rhode Island.
In order to establish a common law marriage in Rhode Island, a couple must have "seriously intended to enter into the husband-wife relationship." Demelo v. Zompa, 844 A.2d 174 "The parties conduct also must be of such a character as to lead to a belief in the community that they were married." Demelo v. Zompa 844 A.2d 174 "The prerequisite serious intent and belief is demonstrable by inference from cohabitation, declarations, reputation among kindred and friends, and other cirumstancial evidence." Demelo v. Zompa, 844 A.2d 174
A crucial element to common law marriage is whether a couple holds themselves out to the community as husband and wife.
I believe that Courts look to several factors in determining if there is a common law marriage. The Court tends to look at a totality of the circumstances rather then focusing on any one particular factor exclusively. In other words, if one of the following factors doesn't apply there could still be a common law marriage!
Establishing a common law marriage in Rhode island is analogous to building a brick wall. A single brick alone will not build the wall! Pulling out any particular brick will not cause the wall to fall. Similarly, No one factor usually creates a common law marriage. (perhaps, and I emphasize perhaps, the only exception to this is filing married for your federal income taxes) The absence of a single factor usually does not defeat a common law marriage! (The exception to this may be lack of cohabitation but that is not set in stone. I emphasize may be an exception depending on the facts)
The court may look at whether the alleged wife took the husband's last name. The woman's use of husband's last name indicates that the parties were holding themselves out to the community as married and exhibiting a serious intent to enter into a marriage. If a woman takes a man's last name and uses the name in public then that will go a long way in establishing a common law marriage. A woman not taking her significant other's last name will not be fatal to establishing the marriage. Judges are keenly aware that in this day and age, it is common for a woman to use her maiden name after a valid marriage.
The Court will look to see if the parties introduce each other as "my husband" or "my wife" in social settings or when appropriate. The Courts are well aware that married couples usually do not introduce their spouse by his / her first name.
Medical treatment forms, financing applications and other forms may be important to see whether the parties listed the other person as their spouse or even admitted that there was a marriage.
The length of time that the parties lived together may be very relevant . An economic partnership. between the parties is also very significant. Joint bank accounts, Joint ownership of property, joint accounts, beneficiary designations on retirement plans, insurance applications could all be bricks in a wall of establishing a common law marriage. Please note that these types of factors (such as having a joint bank account together) alone will NOT establish a common law marriage! In this day and age it is very common for boyfriends and girlfriends to live together with joint bank accounts or even, perhaps, owning property together without intending to enter into a marriage. However, The above mentioned factors take on importance in conjuction with other significant factors set forth in this article.
There are a myriad of other factors that could be very important in determining whether or not there is a common law marriage. This includes whether a diamond ring or other ring was given and what hand the ring was worn on.
This article in no way establishes all the factors that could be important in establishing a common law marriage
If the parties cannot agree that there was a marriage then witnesses will need to testify in Court to establish a belief and reputation in the community that the parties were married. In other words does your social circle (friends, family, aquiantances ) believe that you and your significant other are married?
One of the most crucial elements of common law marriage is the tax status that the parties claim on their federal and state income tax forms. If the parties filed married filing jointly or married filing separately then some judges would say that the common law marriage is established. A federal tax document is a very significant document and most people know the importance of being truthful when filling it out. I would tend to agree that if the parties filed taxes as married then they are probably in fact married! If the parties filed as married filing jointly and then one of them denies the common law marriage then they are in a perjury trap. Either they lied to the IRS or they are lying to the Court. Filling single will not be helpful to establish a common law marriage however it is not fatal.
How could a party be common law married after 7 days? Hypothetically, boyfriend and girlfriend invite all their friends to a party which is not officially a wedding. No marriage certificate is sought or obtained by the couple. However, at the party the couple announces to all their friends and family in attendance that they are married, they move in together the next day. The girlfriend puts him on her health insurance. They are probably married by common law after just a week!
If you believe that you are common law married and want to terminate the relationship then you need to file for divorce in Rhode Island family Court seeking to establish the elements of the common law marriage.
David Slepkow is a Rhode Island divorce and family law lawyer / attorney concentrating in divorce, family law, child support, custody and visitation. David has been practicing for over 9 years and is licensed in Rhode Island, Massachusetts and Federal Court. David also handles Rhode Island personal injury, slip and fall and automobile accidents as well as litigation and landlord tenant matters. David always offers free initial consultations and accepts all major credit cards. Please goto http://www.slepkowlaw.com for more legal information. You can also call Rhode Island attorney David Slepkow at 401-437-1100.
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Tags: several factors, brick wall, seven years, husband wife, husband and wife, declarations, prerequisite, inference, 35 years, family law attorney